Implications of the Normalization of Diplomatic Relations Between Saudi Arabia and Iran for the Stability of the Middle East Region in 2023
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Abstract
The Middle East region has a complex security constellation. Saudi Arabia and Iran are countries in the Middle East that have great influence in a region with ideological differences. The differences between Saudi Arabia and Iran have led to hostility that has lasted for decades. Saudi Arabia and Iran experienced a severance of diplomatic relations in 2016 and succeeded in re-approach in 2023. The sectarian and proxy conflicts played by Saudi Arabia and Iran in the region made countries in the region vulnerable to threats, so with the implementation of the normalization of diplomatic relations between the two then the prospects for stability in the Middle East Region can be realized. This Research uses the Regional Security Complex Theory to analyze the implications of the normalization of diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran on the stability of the Middle East Region in 2023. Researchers used qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. The data collection technique used is a literature study using primary and secondary data sources. Saudi Arabia and Iran have a relationship with a pattern of hostility or enmity. Sectarian and proxy conflicts between Saudi Arabia and Iran occur in Yemen, Syria, and Lebanon. The Normalization between Saudi Arabia and Iran has implications for reducing conflict tensions, restoring and strengthening relations between countries in the region, and realizing a solid regional security dialogue.